• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a torque anchor (2) for rotationally blocking a production column with respect to a casing (12) of a well, the torque anchor comprising a frame (4), at least two supports ( 6, 8) movable relative to the frame, rollers (22, 24, 26) carried by the supports, the rollers (22, 24, 26) being adapted to roll on an inner face of said casing, at least one constraint device (10, 11) able to exert a force on said wheels to anchor said wheels in said casing. Each constraint device (10, 11) comprises a spring assembly (50) adapted to act on all of said supports (6, 8) and a guide (54) adapted to guide said spring assembly (50); said guide (54) being carried by said supports (6, 8); said guide (54) being movable relative to at least one support.
    公开号:FR3013755A1
    申请号:FR1361651
    申请日:2013-11-26
    公开日:2015-05-29
    发明作者:Francois Millet；Steeve Burrows
    申请人:PCM；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The invention relates to a torque anchor for rotationally locking a production column with respect to a casing (also called a "casing" or "casing"). in English) of a well and / or a pumping installation equipped with a progressive cavity pump comprising such a torque anchor.
    [0002] A pumping installation comprises, in its most widespread configuration, a wellhead equipped with a surface drive bearing mounted on a "well shutter block" remotely driving a progressive cavity pump mounted at the base of a well. a production column or inserted in the production column. The pump is installed at the bottom of the well. The drive bearing, at the wellhead, supports and drives in rotation a drive shaft called "polished rod". The polished rod drives a string of rods (or a continuous rod) located inside and all along the production column. This drill string in turn rotates the rotor of the progressing cavities pump located at the bottom of the well. The fluid, located at the bottom of the well, is transferred through the pump and discharged into the production column to the wellhead, where it is evacuated by distribution ducts. The torque anchor maintains the stator of the pump so that it is not itself rotated downhole and avoids the separation of the tubes (also called tubing or "tubing" in English) forming the production column.
    [0003] It is known, in particular from document US Pat. No. 6,155,346, torque anchors for a pumping installation, comprising teeth mounted on a cam, fixed to the casing string. The teeth are adapted to be displaced, via the cam, between a retracted position within the torque anchor and a locking position in which the teeth extend radially outwardly of the housing. anchor torque and cling to the casing. Such torque anchors have many disadvantages.
    [0004] Firstly, they are based on bracing technologies, and are therefore likely to decay in production due to the strong vibrations generated by the progressive cavities pump. This undocking can lead to the unscrewing of the casing train and its downhole failure involving a complete shutdown of the production operations and a significant cost to carry out operations of repêchage. Then, in some cases, the retraction mechanism may become clogged due to the presence of sand or be corroded. In this case, the torque anchor is forced upwardly so that the casing and the bottom gear are damaged. In addition, the teeth are brought into the locking position by the rotation of the tubing string from the surface, by operators, using claw wrenches. This training operation presents a certain risk to the safety of the operators operating the claw keys to impart to it a twisting force. Indeed, when the claw wrench ripe, it can hurt the operators. Moreover, in normal operation, the bracing of the teeth leads in principle to extremely high contact pressures between said teeth and the casing. Thus, given the high level of vibration during pumping, it is strongly suspected that the teeth, whose shape is necessarily aggressive to initiate the arching, "machine" the casing. In addition, some wells are subject to significant temperature variations in the course of production. These temperature variations dilate the casing string which can lengthen up to 6 meters but do not dilate or little casing since it is cemented to the formation. During these temperature variations, the torque anchor, pushed by the expansion of the production column, is displaced relative to the casing along the longitudinal axis of the well. As the teeth of the torque anchor are still anchored in the casing, some damage by notching of the inner casing wall is suspected but not quantified to date.
    [0005] Finally, to be sure that the teeth of the torque anchor are well gripping the casing, they can be driven in blocking position on the surface of the well before descent of the torque anchor at the bottom of the well. In this case, all the tubes of the casing is lacerated and damaged during the descent of the anchor torque downhole.
    [0006] EP 1 371 810 discloses an anti-rotation device of a drilling apparatus of the type comprising a rotary shaft and a housing containing the rotary shaft. The anti-rotation device is adapted to block the rotation of the housing in the drilled formation. It comprises trolleys provided with wheels mounted on an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the housing. The edge of the casters is tapered so as to catch in the rock of the drilled formation and to prevent, by this attachment, any rotation of the drilling rig. However, this anti-rotation device is not suitable for use in a casing because the tapered surface of the casters may cut and damage the casing. In addition, this device is undersized with respect to the torsion forces applied by a stator to the production column, when the rotor is rotated. Such a device could not counter such efforts except to increase its size in such a way that it could no longer be inserted into the production column.
    [0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a torque anchor capable of withstanding high torsional torques. Such high torsional torques appear in pumping wells of heavy hydrocarbons (presence of sand, aromatic oils, high viscosities) or water in particular when using metal stators (those of PCM type metal / metal pumps). VulcainTM), pumps with progressive cavities at high flow rate or when the pumping is carried out under special operating conditions in which the vibratory stresses are important or at temperatures up to 350 ° C.
    [0008] For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a torque anchor intended to block in rotation a production column with respect to a casing of a well having a longitudinal axis, the torque anchor comprising: a frame having an axis; longitudinal extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the well, when the torque anchor is installed in the casing; at least two supports carried by the frame and movable relative to the frame in at least one direction of displacement perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the frame; - Knobs carried by the supports, the wheels being adapted to roll on an inner face of said casing; at least one constraint device capable of exerting a force on said wheels according to said at least one direction of displacement for anchoring said wheels in said casing, characterized in that each constraint device comprises a spring assembly capable of acting on the together said supports and a guide adapted to guide said spring assembly; said guide being carried by said supports; said guide being movable relative to at least one support according to said at least one direction of displacement.
    [0009] Advantageously, this arrangement makes it possible to use longer and wider springs that are insensitive to temperature variations and to variations in the diameter of the casing. Thus, the performance of the torque anchor is more stable. Torques applied by the torque anchor are more constant. They vary little according to the temperature and the level of deterioration of the casing. In addition, these larger springs can apply a significant effort. According to particular embodiments, the torque anchor comprises one or more of the following characteristics: the frame has an internal channel capable of allowing the passage of a fluid to be pumped; said inner channel, open at each of its ends, extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the frame, and said constraint device extends through said internal channel. Advantageously, the internal channel makes it possible to pump a larger quantity of fluid. It makes it possible to reduce the pressure drop generated by the torque anchor in the casing in the cases where the pumped fluid passes along the anchor of torque, between the anchor of torque and the casing, before reaching the suction port of the pump. - The spring assembly comprises at least one spring bearing on each support, said guide being adapted to guide said at least one spring. - The supports comprise a first support and a second support disposed opposite the first support, the first and the second supports being movable relative to the frame in a single direction of movement. at least one support selected from the first support and the second support comprises at least one through hole extending in the direction of displacement, and wherein the guide is a guide axis having an end slidably mounted in said through hole of said support; selected.
    [0010] Advantageously, said guide pin and said at least one spring can be easily removed. - The guide axis comprises a first shoulder and a second shoulder, the second shoulder being disposed in line with the first shoulder, the first shoulder being in abutment against said first support, said at least one spring being in abutment against said second shoulder. Advantageously, this arrangement makes it possible not to lose the guide axis in the well. Advantageously, said wheel axis and said at least one spring are held against said first support during removal of the torque anchor of the casing. Thus, said at least one spring can be easily disassembled and changed during a maintenance operation. said at least one spring bears on both the first support and the second support. said guide comprises an intermediate junction and guide shafts, said guide shafts each having an end secured to said intermediate junction and a free end guided in translation in a support; each spring being supported on said intermediate junction and on a support. said spring assembly comprising at least N springs, said guide comprising N guiding axes; said guide being movable relative to the N supports in N directions with N natural number strictly greater than two. - The supports are adapted to carry a plurality of aligned and contiguous knobs relative to each other, said knobs each having a diameter of between 12% and 70% and preferably between 30% and 48% of the inner diameter of the casing.
    [0011] Advantageously, such a torque anchor is able to pass smoothly and without risk of blockage through the seals arranged between the tubes forming the casing. - Said support is adapted to carry a single wheel having a diameter of between 30% and 70% and preferably between 30% and 48% of the inner diameter of the casing. Advantageously, such a torque anchor has a reduced dimension in the direction of the longitudinal axis, while allowing easy passage through the seals disposed between the tubes forming the casing. the torque anchor further comprises wheel spindles mounted free to rotate on said wheels, and wherein the supports have at least one surface for guiding said wheel axes in rotation. Thus, advantageously, the mounting of the wheel on the wheel axis is achieved without a fastener, thus improving the reliability of the system and thus avoiding any risk of loss of components in the well provided that the coefficients of expansion of the materials in contact are identical, or sufficiently close so that the differential expansion is negligible. Advantageously, this assembly does not present a risk of loss of components since the axis is trapped in the opening receiving the wheel support. - The stress device is adapted to exert on the inner wall of the casing a theoretical contact pressure calculated according to the Hertz formulas between 2 and 20 times the elastic limit of the casing and preferably between 4 and 10 times the elastic limit of the casing. - The supports are integrally formed with an opening adapted to accommodate at least a portion of at least one wheel, and at least one through hole wherein said end of the guide shaft is arranged. Advantageously, this support is simple to manufacture, robust which guarantees a reliable operation of the torque anchor inserted in a well of exploitation or oil production and resistant to the corrosive and abrasive environment of the pumped fluid. - the frame has at least two lights; each light accommodates a support able to slide in said light; and in which grease is interposed between each support and each light.
    [0012] Thus advantageously, all the parts contained in the first support can be freely and easily extracted from the housing and changed during maintenance operations of the torque anchor. The bonding with the grease makes it possible to lubricate the contact between the housing and the support while generating a slight resistance to the extraction of the support during the handling of the torque anchor outside the casing. The invention will be better understood on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of example and with reference to the figures in which: FIG. 1 is a broken perspective view of a torque anchor and a casing according to a first embodiment of the invention; - Figure 2 is a broken perspective view of a torque anchor according to a second embodiment of the invention; - Figure 3 is a broken perspective view of a torque anchor according to a third embodiment of the invention; - Figure 4 is a perspective view of a guide of the torque anchor according to the third embodiment of the invention. The torque anchor according to the present invention is mainly intended to be installed in a casing of a well of a hydrocarbon pumping system, water or gas. With reference to FIG. 1, the torque anchor 2 according to the first embodiment of the invention comprises a frame 4, for example, of generally cylindrical shape, a first 6 and a second 8 supports carried by the frame 4, and a first 10 and a second 11 constraint devices both adapted to act between the first 6 and second 8 supports. The frame 4 has a longitudinal axis Z-Z which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the well, when the torque anchor 2 is installed in the casing 12 of the well. It is provided with an internal channel 14 open at each of its ends, as well as a first 16 and a second 18 lights that open into both the inner channel 14 and the outer face of the frame 4.
    [0013] The inner channel 14 extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis Z-Z. It is adapted to allow the passage of a fluid to be pumped thereby increasing the pumping capacity of the pumping installation to which the torque anchor 2 is fixed. This internal channel 14 reduces the pressure drop generated by the torque anchor 2 in the casing 12 in the cases in which the pumped fluid passes between the torque anchor 2 and the casing 12 before reaching the orifice of suction of the progressive cavities pump. The first 16 and second 18 lights extend opposite one another, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Z-Z. They are suitable for housing, one, the first support 6, and the other, the second support 8. Thus, the first 6 and the second 8 supports are arranged vis-à-vis one another, in the same mean plane (X, Y). The first 16 and the second 18 lumens have smooth internal faces on which the first 6 and the second 8 supports can slide, under the action of the first 10 and second 11 restraint devices, in a direction perpendicular to the axis longitudinal ZZ, said direction of displacement D. Preferably, grease is disposed at the interface between the first support 6 and the first lumen 16, and between the second support 8 and the second lumen 18 to lubricate their contacts while generating a slight resistance to the extraction of the first 6 and second 8 supports, during the handling of the torque anchor 2 outside the casing 12.
    [0014] The first 6 and the second 8 supports are identical. Only the first support 6 will be described in detail. The first support 6 is adapted to carry a set of three wheels 22, 24, 26 for rolling along the casing 12, for example, during the descent of the torque anchor 2 downhole.
    [0015] The three knobs 22, 24, 26 are aligned one behind the other, parallel to the longitudinal axis Z-Z. The interval between two adjacent wheels is advantageously between 101% and 105% of the diameter of said wheels.
    [0016] The three wheels 22, 24, 26 have, preferably, the same diameter. For example, a diameter of between 12% and 48% of the inside diameter of the casing 12. The positioning of the wheels 22, 24, 26 and their diameter allow all three wheels 22, 24, 26 to pass through the seals. disposed between the tubes forming the casing 12 without being locked in the discontinuity of the seal and without damaging these seals. They also allow the joints to pass smoothly. The knobs 22, 24, 26 are each mounted free to rotate on a wheel axis 28, 30. The wheel axes 28, 30 have a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement D and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Z-Z. They are rotatably mounted on the first support 6 so that there is a redundancy in the guide rotation of the wheels 22, 24, 26 relative to the support 6. This redundancy limits the risk of locking a wheel by seizing the axis of the wheel 28, 30, either on the wheel 22, 24, 26, or on the first support 6. The axial locking of the wheel axes 28, 30 is achieved by the cooperation between the inner faces 20 the first light 16 with the ends of the wheel axes 28, 30. Advantageously, this arrangement simplifies the implementation as the maintenance of the product. Advantageously, in order to limit the risk of jamming of the guide wheels 22, 24, 26, the wheel axes 28, 30 are made of zirconia type ceramic or zirconium oxide (ZrO2), machining materials having a corrosion resistance , shearing, seizing, bending and remarkable resilience including high temperature.
    [0017] Two beads 32, 34 forming an open torus portion, are formed on both lateral ends of the circular periphery of each wheel 22, 24, 26. The beads 32, 34 are intended to be anchored in the casing 12 by controlled indentation, under the action of the first 10 and the second 11 stress devices for transmitting a torsion torque to the casing 12. Such torque is generated, for example, by the rotation of the rotor of a pump with progressing cavities. Advantageously, the beads 32, 34 are provided with a coating increasing their resistance to wear as their coefficient of friction with the casing 12. This coating is, for example, made from tungsten carbide or synthetic diamonds. Advantageously, the two beads 32, 34 disposed on the two lateral ends of the circular periphery of each wheel 22, 24, 26 make it possible to double the points of contact with the casing 12 - with number of wheels unchanged - and to have, thus, a contact surface with the casing 12 greater so that the casing 12 is less damaged during the movements of the torque anchor 2 in the well, for example during its descent, its ascent, and during variations in length of the production tube under the effect of expansion. Indeed, this constructive arrangement minimizes the dial / casing contact pressure calculated according to the Hertz formulas. This arrangement of the beads 32, 34 at both ends of the circular periphery of each wheel 22, 24, 26 also minimizes the bending moment in the wheel axes 28, 30. Alternatively, the end surfaces of the wheels 22, 24, 26 which cooperate with the inner side walls 42 of the support 6 are coated with carbide to improve the service life of said wheels 22, 24, 26 and, therefore, the service life of the torque anchor 2. The first support 6 is made in one block. It is provided with an oblong opening 36 open towards the outside and which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis ZZ and two through holes 38, 40 aligned with the opening 36, and arranged, one, of one side of one end of the opening 36 and the other on the other side of the opposite end of the opening 36.
    [0018] The inner side walls 42 of the opening 36 are each provided with three circular bores 44 each receiving one end of a wheel axis 28, 30. The inner faces 46 of said bores 44 guide the wheel axes in rotation. 28, 30.
    [0019] The through holes 38, 40 of the first support 6 receive and guide in translation, one, the first constraining device 10 and the other, the second constraining device 11. They extend in the direction of displacement D. A recess 48 is formed around each through hole 38, 40, on the face of the first support 6 disposed towards the inner channel 14. The first 10 and the second 11 restraining devices are arranged on either side of the set of three wheels 22, 24, 26. They are identical. Only the first constraint device 10 will be described in detail.
    [0020] The first constraint device 10 is able to separate the first support 6 from the second support 8 to anchor said wheels 22, 24, 26 in said casing 12, when the torque anchor 2 is arranged in the casing 12.
    [0021] In particular, the constraint device 10 is able to exert on the inner wall of the casing 12 a theoretical contact pressure calculated according to the Hertz formulas between 2 and 20 times the elastic limit of the casing 12 and preferably between 4 and 10 times the elastic limit of the casing 12.
    [0022] The first restraint device 10 comprises a spring assembly 50 and a guide 54 adapted to guide said spring assembly 50. The spring assembly 50 comprises an internal coil spring 56 and an outer coil spring 58.
    [0023] In this embodiment, the guide is a guide pin 54 which extends in the direction of displacement D. The internal coil spring 56 and the outer coil spring 58 are mounted one inside the other, and so coaxial with the guide pin 54.
    [0024] The guide axis 54, the first spring 56 and the second spring 58 pass through the internal channel 14, from side to side, along a line passing through a point on the longitudinal axis Z-Z. The fluid that will be pumped by the progressive cavity pump, is adapted to go up in the inner channel 14 in a space defined between the spring assembly 50 and the inner face of the frame 4 delimiting the internal channel 14. The guide axis 54 is carried by the first support 6 and the second support 8. In particular, one end 60 of the guide pin is slidably mounted in the through hole 38 of the first support 6 and the opposite end 62 of the guide pin is slidably mounted in the through hole 38 of the second support 8. According to the embodiment shown, the ends 60 and 62 are trunnions. Alternatively, the ends 60 and 62 are spherical and adapted to be engaged in a through hole 38 so as to achieve a linear-annular connection. Alternatively, the guide pin 54 is fixed to the first support and is movable in the direction of movement D only with respect to the second support 8.
    [0025] The guide pin 54 further comprises a ring 64 having a first shoulder 66 abutting against the bottom of the recess 48 of the first support and a second shoulder 68 disposed in line with the first shoulder 66 on which one end of the spring Internal 56 comes in support. The other end of the internal spring 56 abuts against the bottom of the recess 48 of the second support 8.
    [0026] Advantageously, this arrangement makes it possible not to lose the guide axis 54 in the well. This arrangement also makes it possible to easily extract the first constraint device 10, when the torque anchor 2 is removed from the casing 12 since the first constraint device is held against the first support 6 and will be removed therewith.
    [0027] The external spring 58 is, for its part, advantageously bearing, on the one hand, against the bottom of the recess 48 of the first support 6 and, on the other hand, against the bottom of the recess 48 of the second support 8.
    [0028] Advantageously, the internal spring 56 and the external spring 58 have opposite winding directions. Preferably, the inner spring 56 and the outer spring 58 are nesting springs. In a variant, the rollers 22, 24, 26 are each mounted integral with a wheel axis 28, 30. In particular, the wheel axes 28, 30 are embedded in said wheels 22, 24, 26 and, preferably, , In the variant, the set of wheels includes N knobs, with N natural whole greater than one.
    [0029] Alternatively, the inner spring 56 and the outer spring 58 are wavy turns. Alternatively, the spring assembly 50 has a single spring.
    [0030] Alternatively, the torque anchor 2 comprises a single constraint device 10. In this case, the constraint device 10 is arranged in the center between two times N knobs, with N natural number greater than or equal to one. According to a first variant, the rollers 22, 24, 26 are alternately offset.
    [0031] According to a second variant, the wheels 22, 24, 26 are conical. According to a third variant, the rollers 22, 24, 26 are alternately provided, at least one, with a bead located at the center of the circular periphery and, at least one other, with two beads located at the ends of the circular periphery. If the torque anchor according to the present invention is made according to one of these three variants mentioned above, the outer diameter of the beads of the three wheels 22, 24, 26 have a diameter of between 15% and 70% of the inner diameter of the casing 12. The torque anchor 70 according to the second embodiment has been shown in FIG. 2. The technical elements of the torque anchor 70 according to the second embodiment are identical or similar to the technical elements of the invention. Torque anchor 2 according to the first embodiment are identified by the same references and will not be described a second time.
    [0032] In particular, the torque anchor 70 according to the second embodiment of the invention is similar to the torque anchor 2 according to the first embodiment with the exception of the following characteristics. The three wheels 22, 24, 26 have been replaced by a single wheel 72 having a larger diameter. Thus, in this embodiment, the first 6 and second supports 8 are able to carry, each, a single wheel 72 having a diameter between 30% and 48% of the inner diameter of the casing 12.
    [0033] In the same way as for the first embodiment, the diameter of the wheel 72 may be between 30% and 70% if the wheel 72 is either conical or provided with a central bead or two end beads.
    [0034] The first constraint 10 extends through the inner channel 14. It comprises a spring assembly 74 and a guide 80 adapted to carry the spring assembly. The spring assembly 74 includes, in this embodiment, two inner springs 56, 76 and two outer springs 58, 78.
    [0035] The guide 80 is movable relative to the first support 6 and the second support 8 in the direction of displacement D. It comprises an intermediate ring-shaped junction 82, a first guide axis 54 and a second guide axis 84. The first 54 and the second 84 guide axes are concentric. They each have an integral end of the intermediate junction 82 and a free end. The free end of the first guide axis 54 is slidably mounted in the through hole 38 of the first support 6. The free end of the second guide axis 84 is slidably mounted in the through hole 38 of the second support 8.
    [0036] An inner spring 56 and an outer spring 58 are arranged coaxially with the first guide axis 54. They bear, on the one hand, on the first support 6 and, on the other hand, on the intermediate junction 82. Another internal spring 76 and the other external spring 78 are arranged coaxially with the second guide axis 84. They are supported, on the one hand, on the second support 8 and, on the other hand, on the intermediate junction. 82. The stiffness of the internal spring 56 and the external spring 58 mounted on the first guide axis 54 is identical to the stiffness of the internal spring 76 and the external spring 78 mounted on the second guide axis 84. Thus, the forces exerted by these springs are in mutual opposition and self-compensate each other. In practice, the guide 80 can be achieved by fixing a crown at half height of a single axis.
    [0037] The torque anchor according to the third embodiment has been shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The technical elements of the torque anchor 86 according to the third embodiment are identical or similar to the technical elements of the torque anchor 2 according to the first embodiment are identified by the same references and will not be described a second time.
    [0038] In particular, the torque anchor 86 according to the third embodiment of the invention is similar to the torque anchor 70 according to the second embodiment with the exception of the following features.
    [0039] The frame 4 of the torque anchor 86 according to the third embodiment of the invention, comprises a first 16, a second 18 and a third 88 lights preferably regularly distributed equiangular around the peripheral periphery of the frame 4. The first 16, the second 18 and the third 88 lights house a first 6, a second 8 and a third 90 supports located in the same plane mean (X, Y). The first 6, the second 8 and the third 90 supports are similar to the first 6 and second 8 supports described in connection with the first embodiment of the invention.
    [0040] The first constraint device 10 and the second constraint device 11 of the torque anchor 86 according to the third embodiment of the invention are identical. Only the first constraint device 10 is described in detail.
    [0041] The first constraint device 10 consists of a spring assembly 92 adapted to act between the first 6, the second 8 and the third 90 supports, and a guide 98 capable of guiding the spring assembly 92. The spring assembly 92 includes three internal coil springs 56, 76, 94, three outer coil springs 58, 78, 96. The guide 98 is movable relative to the three supports 6, 8, 90 in three directions of displacement D.
    [0042] Referring to Figure 4, the guide 98 includes an intermediate junction 82, a first guide axis 54, a second guide axis 84, and a third guide axis 100 each having an end attached to the intermediate junction 82. The first 54, the second 84 and the third 100 guide axes extend in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis ZZ, said plane passing through the through hole 38 of each support. They are, for example, distributed equiangular in this plane. The free ends of the first 54, the second 84, and the third 100 guide axes are each slidably mounted in a through hole 38 of the first 6, the second 8 and respectively the third 90 supports.
    [0043] An internal spring 58 and an external spring 56 are arranged, one inside the other and coaxially with the first guide axis 54. They bear on the first support 6 and on a flat surface 102 of the intermediate junction 82 .
    [0044] In the same way, an internal spring 76 and an external spring 78 are arranged, one in the other and coaxially with the second guide axis 84. They rest on the second support 8 and on another flat surface 104 of the intermediate junction 82.
    [0045] Finally, an inner spring 94 and an outer spring 96 are arranged one inside the other and coaxially with the third guide axis 100. They bear on the third support 90 and on a last flat surface 106 of the intermediate junction 82. The stiffness of the internal springs and the external springs mounted on each guide axis are equal so that the forces exerted by the springs are in mutual opposition and self-compensate each other. The constraint device 10 of the torque anchor 86 according to the third embodiment of the invention also extends through the internal channel 14. This constraint device 10 makes it possible to apply a larger and better distributed torque since it is spread over three points. This constraint device 10 is larger than the constraining devices 10 of the first and second embodiments, but it nevertheless allows a passage of fluid in the internal channel 14.
    [0046] As for the first embodiment, the spring assembly 92 includes, alternatively, a single spring or more than two springs. It comprises, alternatively, springs with corrugated turns. Alternatively, in the same way as for the first embodiment, the torque anchor 86 according to the third embodiment comprises a single constraint device disposed between two N-wheel times with N natural number, or twice N-type devices. constraint arranged on either side of a single wheel or several wheels having a smaller diameter.
    [0047] Alternatively, in the same way as for the first embodiment, the ends of the first 54, the second 84 and the third 100 guide axes are spherical.
    [0048] The torque anchor 2, 70, 86 according to the invention is preferably attached downstream of a strainer considering the direction of pumping. In a variant, the torque anchor 2, 70, 86 comprises N constraining devices 10, 11, with N a natural number greater than or equal to four. The number N being chosen according to the effort that it is desired to apply to said wheels. Alternatively, the wheel 72 of the torque anchor according to the second and third embodiments is replaced by a set of wheels.
    [0049] According to a variant not shown, a sieve or grid is attached to the inlet of the inner channel 14 to filter aggregates of soil or sand that could damage the stress device.
    [0050] According to a variant not shown, a cylindrical cover is fixed around each constraining device 10, 11 to protect the springs of the earth or sand aggregates.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    CLAIMS.-Torque anchor (2, 70, 86) for locking in rotation a production column relative to a casing (12) of a well having a longitudinal axis, the torque anchor (2, 70, 86 ) comprising: - a frame (4) having a longitudinal axis (ZZ) extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the well, when the torque anchor (2, 70, 86) is installed in the casing (12); - at least two supports (6, 8, 90) carried by the frame (4) and movable relative to the frame (4) in at least one direction of displacement (D) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (ZZ) of the frame ( 4); - Knobs (22, 24, 26, 72) carried by the supports (6, 8, 90), the knurls (22, 24, 26, 72) being adapted to roll on an inner face of said casing (12); at least one stress device (10, 11) able to exert a force on said wheels (22, 24, 26, 72) in said at least one direction of displacement (D) for anchoring said wheels (22, 24, 26 , 72) in said casing (12), characterized in that each constraint device (10, 11) comprises a spring assembly (50, 74, 92) adapted to act on all of said supports (6, 8, 90 ) and a guide (54, 80, 98) adapted to guide said spring assembly (50, 74, 92); said guide (54, 80, 98) being carried by said supports (6, 8, 90); said guide (54, 80, 98) being movable relative to at least one support (6, 8, 90) in said at least one direction of movement (D).
    [0002]
    2. Anchor torque (2, 70, 86) according to claim 1, wherein the frame (4) has an internal channel (14) adapted to allow the passage of a fluid to be pumped; wherein said inner channel (14), open at each of its ends, extends parallel to the longitudinal axis (ZZ) of the frame (4), and wherein said constraint (10, 11) extends to through said inner channel (14).
    [0003]
    3. Anchor torque (2, 70, 86) according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the spring assembly (50, 74, 92) comprises at least one spring (56, 58, 76, 78, 94, 96) bearing on each support (6, 8, 90), said guide (54, 80, 98) being adapted to guide said at least one spring (56, 58, 76, 78, 94, 96) .
    [0004]
    4. Anchor torque (2, 70) according to claim 3, wherein the supports (6, 8) comprise a first support (6) and a second support (8) arranged opposite the first support (6), the first (6) and second (8) supports being movable relative to the frame (4) in a single direction of movement (D).
    [0005]
    5. A torque anchor (2) according to claim 4, wherein at least one support (6, 8) selected from the first support (6) and the second support (8) comprises at least one through hole (38, 40). ) extending in the direction of travel (D), and wherein the guide (54) is a guide shaft having an end (60) slidably mounted in said through hole (38, 40) of said support (6, 8) selected.
    [0006]
    6. A torque anchor (2) according to claim 5, wherein the guide axis (54) comprises a first shoulder (66) and a second shoulder (68), the second shoulder (68) being arranged in line with the first shoulder (66), the first shoulder (66) abutting against said first support (6), said at least one spring (56, 58) bearing against said second shoulder (68).
    [0007]
    7. A torque anchor (2) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein said at least one spring bears on both the first support (6) and the second support (8).
    [0008]
    Anchor torque pair (70, 86) according to any of claims 3 and 4, wherein said guide (80, 98) has an intermediate junction (82) and guide pins (54, 84, 100). said guide shafts (54, 84, 100) each having an end secured to said intermediate seam (82) and a free end guided in translation in a holder (6, 8, 90); each spring (56, 58, 76, 78, 94, 96) being supported on said intermediate junction (82) and on a support (6, 8, 90).
    [0009]
    9. A torque anchor (86) according to claim 8, which comprises N supports (6, 8, 90), said spring assembly (92) having at least N springs (56, 58, 76, 78, 94, 96 ), said guide (98) having N guide pins (54, 84, 100); said guide (98) being movable with respect to the N supports (6, 8, 90) along N directions with N natural number strictly greater than two.
    [0010]
    10. Anchor torque (2, 70, 86) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the supports (6, 8, 90) are adapted to carry several wheels (22, 24, 26) aligned and contiguous with each other, said wheels (22, 24, 26) each having a diameter of between 12% and 70% and preferably between 30% and 48% of the inner diameter of the casing (12).
    [0011]
    11. A torque anchor (2, 70, 86) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein said support (6, 8, 90) is adapted to carry a single wheel (72) having a diameter between 30% and 70% and preferably between 30% and 48% of the inner diameter of the casing (12).
    [0012]
    12. A torque anchor (2, 70, 86) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, which further comprises wheel axes (28, 30) mounted free to rotate on said wheels (22, 24, 26). , 72), and wherein the supports (6, 8, 90) have at least one surface (46) for guiding in rotation said wheel axes (28, 30).
    [0013]
    13. Anchor torque (2, 70, 86) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the constraint device (10, 11) is adapted to exert on the inner wall of the casing (12) a pressure theoretical contact calculated according to the Hertz formulas between 2 and 20 times the elastic limit of the casing (12) and preferably between 4 and 10 times the yield strength of the casing (12).
    [0014]
    14. Anchor torque (2, 70, 86) according to any one of claims 2 to 13, wherein the supports (6, 8, 90) are integrally formed with an opening (36). adapted to accommodate at least a portion of at least one wheel (22, 24, 26, 72), and at least one through hole (38, 40) in which said end (60) of the guide shaft ( 54) is arranged.
    [0015]
    15. Anchor torque (2, 70, 86) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the frame (4) comprises at least two lumens (16); each light (16) accommodates a support (6, 8, 90) slidable in said light (16); and wherein grease is interposed between each support (6, 8, 90) and each lumen (16).
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN104675354A|2015-06-03|
    US9771764B2|2017-09-26|
    RU2014146570A|2016-06-10|
    DE102014017429A1|2015-05-28|
    CA2868970A1|2015-05-26|
    BR102014029397A2|2016-08-02|
    FR3013755B1|2016-01-08|
    US20150144327A1|2015-05-28|
    引用文献:
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    US20050139361A1|2003-12-24|2005-06-30|Aldridge Colin A.|Torque anchor|
    US20120211220A1|2011-02-23|2012-08-23|Baker Hughes Incorporated|Torque absorbtion anchor system and method to assemble same|
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    CN101021148B|2006-02-13|2010-11-10|陈飞|Oil production subsurface screw pump anchoring device|
    AU2013399678B2|2013-09-04|2016-10-27|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Rotational anchoring of drill tool components|
    CN203547615U|2013-10-11|2014-04-16|陕西盛迈石油有限公司|Torque anchor|US10378292B2|2015-11-03|2019-08-13|Nabors Lux 2 Sarl|Device to resist rotational forces while drilling a borehole|
    US10801274B2|2016-09-20|2020-10-13|Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc|Extendable element systems for downhole tools|
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    法律状态:
    2015-09-11| TP| Transmission of property|Owner name: PCM TECHNOLOGIES, FR Effective date: 20150811 |
    2015-11-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2016-10-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2017-09-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2018-09-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2019-09-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-08-06| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20210705 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1361651A|FR3013755B1|2013-11-26|2013-11-26|BLOCKING TORQUE ANCHOR IN ROTATION OF A COLUMN FOR PRODUCING A WELL|FR1361651A| FR3013755B1|2013-11-26|2013-11-26|BLOCKING TORQUE ANCHOR IN ROTATION OF A COLUMN FOR PRODUCING A WELL|
    CA2868970A| CA2868970A1|2013-11-26|2014-10-28|Torque anchor for blocking the rotation of a production string of a well|
    RU2014146570A| RU2014146570A|2013-11-26|2014-11-19|ANTI-GATE ANCHOR FOR LOCKING THE ROTATION OF THE OPERATIONAL COLUMN IN A WELL|
    US14/551,793| US9771764B2|2013-11-26|2014-11-24|Torque anchor for blocking the rotation of a production string of a well|
    BR102014029397A| BR102014029397A2|2013-11-26|2014-11-25|torque anchor|
    CN201410687357.1A| CN104675354A|2013-11-26|2014-11-25|Torque anchor for blocking the rotation of a production string of a well|
    DE102014017429.8A| DE102014017429A1|2013-11-26|2014-11-25|Torque anchor for blocking the rotation of a production string of a borehole|
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